barnes



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. R. F. BARNES.

(No Model.)

VACUUM PUMP.

No. 312,951. Patented Feb. 24, 1885.

Fig. 1

(No Model.)

2 an E N R A B R R VACUUM PUMP.

Patented Feb. 24, 1885.

" Uniirnn Smarts Parent @rricn.

RAYMOND F. BARNES, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGNOR- TO THE UNITED STATES ELECTRICLIGHTING- COMPANY, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y.

VACUUM PUli/lP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 312,951, dated February24:, 1885.

Application filed January 12, 1884.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RAYMOND F. BARNES,

a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brooklyn, in thecounty of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Vacuum-Pumps, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had to the drawings accompanying andforming a part of the same.

My invention relates to vacuum-pumps, or apparatus for producing highvacuums, such as are now commonly used for exhausting the globes ofincandescent lamps and the like.

The invention consists in an apparatus or 1 combination of devices foroperating pumps of a certain kind, the nature of which will be explainedby reference to the drawings.

Figure l is a diagram illustrating the con struction and mode ofoperation of the pump.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged section of one of the valves or cocks used in thepump. Fig. 3 is a diagram of the pump, showing the manner ofconnectionwith amechanical exhaust-pump.

Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional views of atwoway cock employed in the pump.

The working parts of the pump are do signed to be attached to a suitablesupport, usually a board or frame.

A is a'vacuum chamber or balloon of the kind commonly used in Geislerpumps; B, a tube extending downward'from it. The upper portion of thechamber A tapers off into a tube, B, of small diameter, which extendshorizontally for a short distance, is then bent 3 5 into an elbow ortrap at b,and joined to a globe or small chamber, 1), at a pointslightly above its lowest point.

From the globe D extends a tube, C, connected by a tube, E, with anyordinary form 0 of steam or mechanical pump, M, of any ordinaryconstruction, as shown in Fig. 3.

From the tube B, and immediately below the chamber A,1eads a tube, 6, toa vertical tube, f. G is a flask applied to the lower end of tube f,

5 for containing an anhydrous substance. The upper end of tube f isadapted for receiving the lamps or other devices from which the air isto be withdrawn.

1n the tube 6 is arranged a valve, g-such as an ordinaryfloat-valvewhich shuts off 0011b.

K) tact (No model.)

munication between the tubes B and f when the mercury in the formerrises sufficiently to raise and close the valve. The tube B is bent intoU shape, and connects with the bottom of a stationary chamber, H. Thelatter is drawn out into a tube, h, and connects with a steam ormechanical pump, M, which may be the same as that connected to themercurychamber A, or an independent pump, as will obviously appear.

To the tube h is joined a branch, K, open to the air directly or througha receptacle, k, containing a moistureabsorbeut.

In the tube 0, between the chamber D and the tube E, is an ordinary cookor valve, 01. At the junction of the tubes h and K is placed a two-waycock, m. The construction of these two valves and the apparatus foroperating them form the subject of my invention.

The cocks d and m are composed of tapering plugs p 1), ground to fittightly in their seats. The plugs or stems are extended, and passthrough metal plates or stands a a, secured to the board or support forthe pump. Springs 0 O are attached to the plates a, and press upon theends of the plugs p p and operate to keep them firmly or tightly intheir seats. Toothed wheels or segments P are secured to the plugs 19 p,011 either side of the plates, through which they pass. with theseengage toothed segments R, pivoted at r and extended in arms B. Theselatter carry armatures s t, on either side of which are electromagnets ST S T.

In the construction of the pump platinum contact-points arepassedthrough the chambers D and H, near their top, and the glass welded tothem, so as to be perfectly air-tight. These points are designated bythefigures 1, 2, 3, and 4.

For the purpose of operating the pump a conductor, V, is led from asuitable battery to contact 1. A branch, V, of this conductor is takento contact 3. The other conductor, 22, runs from the oppositebattery-pole to the 5 magnets S T, where it is divided. One branch,

1), includes the magnets S and T, and is connected to contact 4:. Theother, e, includes magnets S and T, and is connected with conwill risein the latter.

The two-way cock m is shown in detail in Figs. 4 and 5. In Fig. 4 it isturned to close communication between the tube It and the reservoir H,and to connect the latter with the air-inlet K. V

In Fig. 4 the position is shown in which. reservoir H. is connectedthrough tube It with the mechanical pump and the tubeKshut off.

The operation of the device is as follows: Mercury is introduced intothe chamber H until it rises in the chamber and the tube B to a levelabove the contact-points 1 and 2, completing the circuit through theconductor V, branch 12, and conductor 12. This has the effect of drawingover the armatures s t and the toothed segments and turning the cooks dm. The former is asingle cock, and arranged to open by this movementcommunication between the mechanical exhaust and the interior of thechamber A. The latter is a two-way cock, and by the movement thusimparted it is caused to shut off the mechanical pump connected withtube h and openthe branch K. Air being thus admitted to chamber H andwithdrawn from chamber A; the mercury This continues until the globe Dis filled sufficiently by the mercury, which enters it through tube 0from the 'chamberA, to close the circuit through the.

branches V and V o. This energizes magnets S and T, shifts the levers Itand segments R, and turns the cocks (Z m, so that the former shuts offconnection between exhaustpump and globe D, while the latter connectsthe exhaust-pump and chamber H, at thesame time closing the branch K.This causes the n i-rcury to return to chamber H, and this operation isrepeated until the air is withdrawn from the pump and a high vacuumestablished.

The precise details of construction'which I have now described may bevaried in many ways.

The object of the invention, as will now appear, is to render the pumpautomatic by causing the movements of the mercury to make or break anelectric circuit, and thereby open and close the valves or cocks, eitherdirectly or indirectly. 1

Having now described the best manner in which my invention is or may becarried into effect, what I claim is 1. The combination, with the vacuumchamber of an air-pump of the kind described, of a mercury-reservoirconnected therewith, devices for varying the pressure of air in saidreservoir, electro-magnets for operating said devices, and circuitscontrolled by the movements of the mercury, as set forth. I 2. Thecombination, with the vacuum chamber of,an air-pump of the kinddescribed, a mercury-reservoir, and tube connecting the same, of devicesfor admitting airto and withdrawing it from said reservoir,electro-magnets t'or operating the said devices, and circuits controlledby the movements of the mercury, asset forth. 1

3. The combination, with the vacuumrchamber of an air-pump, amercury-reservoir, and tube connecting the same, of a tube for theescape of air from the vacuum-chamber, and a cock or valve therein, anair-inlet tube and exhaust=tube connected to the mercury-reservoir, atwo-way cock for controlling the same, electro-magnets for operating thevalves, and circuits controlled by the movements of the mercury, alLasset forth.

- 4. The combination, with the valves or cocks d m, of electro magnetsand intermediate mechanism for operating the same, circuits includingsaid magnets, and connected with contact-points extending into the pump,so as to be brought into contact with the mercury, as and for thepurpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 5th day ofJanuary, 1884.

' RAYMOND F. BARNES.

Vitnesses:

W. FRISBY,

H. D. HARTLEY,

